There are condition types of railway gauges Cost of construction, Volume and nature of traffic, Speed of movement, Development of areas, Physical features of the country. Definition:- It is the clear distance between two parallel rails laid.
1.Cost of construction
There is a marginal increase in the cost of earthwork, rails, sleepers, ballast, and other track items with gauge.
The cost of station buildings, platforms, signals, bridges, tunnels, and culverts etc., is same more or less for all gauges.
There is little proportional in the acquisition of land.
The cost of rolling stock is independent of the gauges used for the same volume of traffic.
2.Volume and nature of traffic.
For heavier loads and high speed, the wider gauges are required because subsequently, the operating cost per tonne-km is less for higher carrying capacity.
3.Speed of movement
Speed is a function of dia. of a wheel, which in turn limited by the gauges. (wheel diameter = 0.75 x Gauge).
4.Development of areas
Narrow gauges can be used for the thinly populated area by joining under the developed area with developed or urbanized area.
5.Physical features of the country
Use of narrow gauge is warranted in hilly regions where broad and meter gauge are not possible due steep gradients and sharp curves.
Broad Gauge (B.G)
1676 mm, 63% Route km. 52 MR (i.e.52kg/m) rails are suitable for use up to a speed of 130kmph & traffic density or 20 to 25 GMT(Gross million tonnes). 60 MR (i.e.60kg/m) rails are suitable for use up to a speed of 160kmph & traffic density about 35 GMT.
Meter Gauge (M.G)
1000 mm, 31% Route km.
Narrow Gauge (N.G)
763 mm / 610 mm , 06% Route km.
types of railway gauges
1.Cost of construction
There is a marginal increase in the cost of earthwork, rails, sleepers, ballast, and other track items with gauge.
The cost of station buildings, platforms, signals, bridges, tunnels, and culverts etc., is same more or less for all gauges.
There is little proportional in the acquisition of land.
The cost of rolling stock is independent of the gauges used for the same volume of traffic.
2.Volume and nature of traffic.
For heavier loads and high speed, the wider gauges are required because subsequently, the operating cost per tonne-km is less for higher carrying capacity.
3.Speed of movement
Speed is a function of dia. of a wheel, which in turn limited by the gauges. (wheel diameter = 0.75 x Gauge).
4.Development of areas
Narrow gauges can be used for the thinly populated area by joining under the developed area with developed or urbanized area.
5.Physical features of the country
Use of narrow gauge is warranted in hilly regions where broad and meter gauge are not possible due steep gradients and sharp curves.
Broad Gauge (BG)
Meter Gauge (MG)
Narrow Gauge (NG)
Broad Gauge (B.G)
1676 mm, 63% Route km. 52 MR (i.e.52kg/m) rails are suitable for use up to a speed of 130kmph & traffic density or 20 to 25 GMT(Gross million tonnes). 60 MR (i.e.60kg/m) rails are suitable for use up to a speed of 160kmph & traffic density about 35 GMT.
Meter Gauge (M.G)
1000 mm, 31% Route km.
Narrow Gauge (N.G)
763 mm / 610 mm , 06% Route km.
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